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Presenting Author: Benjamin Johnston, MD, PhD – Brigham and Women's Hospital

Co-Author: Grace Chahyadinata – Harvard Medical School

Co-Author: Weihua Ding, MD – MGH

Co-Author: Aaron Held, PhD – MGH

Co-Author: Shiquan Shen, MD – MGH

Co-Author: Lauren Sun, BA – MGH

Co-Author: Brian Wainger, MD, PhD – MGH

Speaker: Mark Bilsky, MD – Memorial Sloan Kettering Department of Neurosurgery

Speaker: Aziz Ansari

Presenting Author: Youssef M. Khalafallah, MD (he/him/his) – Baylor College of Medicine

Co-Author: Abdullah Ghali, MD – Baylor College of Medicine

Co-Author: Farhan Ahmad, MD – Rush University Medical Center

Co-Author: Christopher Chaput, MD – UT Health San Antonio

Co-Author: Rishi Gonuguntla, BA – UT Health San Antonio

Co-Author: Adham M. Khalafallah, MD – Department of Neurosurgery, University of Miami

Co-Author: Travis Kotzur, BS – UT Health San Antonio

Co-Author: David Momtaz, BS, MPH – UT Health San Antonio

Co-Author: Sarah Nagel, MD – UNC Orthopedics

Co-Author: Gautham Prabhakar, MD – UT Health San Antonio

Presenting Author: S. Harrison Farber, MD – Barrow Neurological Institute

Co-Author: Temesgen Assefa, MD – Barrow Neurological Institute

Co-Author: Joseph DiDomenico, MD – Barrow Neurological Institute

Co-Author: Brian Kelly, PhD – Barrow Neurological Institute

Co-Author: Luke Mugge, MD – Barrow Neurological Institute

Co-Author: Alexis Ratliff, BSE – Barrow Neurological Institute

Co-Author: Anna Sawa, PhD (she/her/hers) – Barrow Neurological Institute

Co-Author: Jay D. Turner, MD, PhD – Barrow Neurological Institute

Co-Author: Juan S. Uribe, MD – Barrow Neurological Insitute

Presenting Author: Pawel P. Jankowski, MD – Hoag Neurosciences Institute

Co-Author: Peter G. Passias, MD – NYU Langone Health

Co-Author: Christopher P. Ames, MD – University of California, San Francisco

Co-Author: Shay Bess, MD – Denver International Spine Center

Co-Author: Douglas C. Burton, MD – University of Kansas Medical Center

Co-Author: Alan H. Daniels, MD – Alpert Medical School of Brown University

Co-Author: Ankita Das, n/a – NYU Langone Health

Co-Author: Robert K. Eastlack, MD – Scripps Clinic

Co-Author: Richard Hostin, MD – Southwest Scoliosis Institute

Co-Author: Han Jo Kim, MD (he/him/his) – Hospital for Special Surgery

Co-Author: Eric Klineberg, MD – University of Texas Houston

Co-Author: Virginie Lafage, MD – Lenox Hill Hospital

Co-Author: Jamshaid M. Mir, MD – NYU Langone Health

Co-Author: Gregory M. Mundis, Jr., MD (he/him/his) – San Diego Spine

Co-Author: Oluwatobi O. O. Onafowokan, BMBS, MSc – NYU Langone Health

Co-Author: Themistocles S. Protopsaltis, MD – Dept. of Orthopedic Surgery, NYU Langone Health

Co-Author: Justin Scheer, MD – UCSF

Co-Author: Frank J. Schwab, MD – Lenox Hill Hospital Department of Orthopaedic Surgery

Co-Author: Christopher I. Shaffrey, MD – Duke University Medical Center

Co-Author: Justin S. Smith, MD, PhD – Department of Neurosurgery, University of Virginia

Co-Author: Alex Soroceanu, MD, FRCS(C), MPH – University of Calgary

Speaker: Peter G. Passias, MD – NYU Langone Health

Presenting Author: Avani Vaishnav, MBBS (she/her/hers) – Boston Medical Center | Hospital for Special Surgery

Co-Author: Todd J. Albert, MD – Weill Cornell Medical College

Co-Author: Myles R J Allen, MBChB – Hospital for Special Surgery

Co-Author: Kasra Araghi, BS – Hospital for Special Surgery

Co-Author: Tomoyuki Asada, MD PhD – Hospital for Special Surgery

Co-Author: Sravisht Iyer, MD – Hospital for Special Surgery

Co-Author: Ashley Yeo Eun Kim, BS – Hospital for Special Surgery

Co-Author: Eric Kim, BS – Hospital for Special Surgery

Co-Author: Maximilian Korsun, BS – Hospital for Special Surgery

Co-Author: Cole Kwas, BS – Hospital for Special Surgery

Co-Author: Eric Mai, BS – Hospital for Special Surgery

Co-Author: Jung Mok, MD – Hospital for Special Surgery

Co-Author: Sheeraz Qureshi, MD, MBA – Hospital for Special Surgery

Co-Author: Chad Simon, BS – Hospital for Special Surgery

Co-Author: Nishtha Singh, MBBS – Hospital for Special Surgery

Co-Author: Olivia Tuma, BS – Hospital for Special Surgery

Co-Author: Joshua Zhang, BS – Hospital for Special Surgery

Presenting Author: Nicco Ruggiero – University at Buffalo Neurosurgery

Co-Author: Alexander Aguirre – University at Buffalo Neurosurgery

Co-Author: Asham Khan, MD – University at Buffalo Neurosurgery

Co-Author: Cathleen C. Kuo, BS – University of Buffalo

Co-Author: Jaims Lim, MD – University at Buffalo Neurosurgery

Co-Author: Jeffrey Mullin, MD – University of Buffalo

Co-Author: John Pollina, MD – University at Buffalo Neurosurgery

Co-Author: Esteban Quiceno Restrepo, MD – University at Buffalo Neurosurgery

Co-Author: David Smolar, MD – University at Buffalo Neurosurgery

Co-Author: Mohamed AR Soliman, MD, MSc, PhD – University of Buffalo

Presenting Author: Adewale A. Bakare, MD – Rush University Medical Center

Co-Author: Anthony Alvarado, MD – University of Kansas

Co-Author: Vicente Coelho, MD (he/him/his) – Ohio State University Wexner Medical Center

Co-Author: Harel Deutsch, MD (he/him/his) – Rush University Medical Center

Co-Author: Richard G. Fessler, MD, PhD – Rush University Medical Center

Co-Author: Ricardo B.V Fontes, MD, PhD – Rush University Medical Center

Co-Author: Jacob Mazza, MD – Rush University Medical Center

Co-Author: John E. O'Toole, MD, MS – Rush University Medical Center

Presenting Author: Armaan K. Malhotra, MD (he/him/his) – University of Toronto

Co-Author: Nicolas Dea, MD, MSc – Vancouver General Hospital

Co-Author: Nathan Evaniew, MD, PhD – University of Calgary

Co-Author: CSORN Investigators, MD – Canadian Spine Outcomes Research Network

Co-Author: Greg McIntosh, MSc – Canadian Spine Outcomes and Research Network

Co-Author: Jefferson Wilson, MD, PhD – University of Toronto

Presenting Author: Jacob Ward, BS – Ohio State University College of Medicine

Co-Author: Sasha` Beyer, MD, PhD – The Ohio State University Wexner Medical Center

Co-Author: Dukagjin Blakaj, MD, PhD – The Ohio State University Wexner Medical Center

Co-Author: Vikram Chakravarthy, MD – The Ohio State University

Co-Author: Santino Cua, MD – Ohio State University Wexner Medical Center

Co-Author: Mark Damante, MD – Ohio State University Wexner Medical Center

Co-Author: Ahmed Nadar Mohamed Hussanein Elguindy, MD – Ohio State University Wexner Medical Center

Co-Author: Dominic Franceschelli, BS – Ohio State University College of Medicine

Co-Author: Daniel Kreatsoulas, MD – Ohio State University Wexner Medical Center

Co-Author: Vicente Coelho, MD (he/him/his) – Ohio State University Wexner Medical Center

Co-Author: Joshua Palmer, MD – Ohio State University Wexner Medical Center

Co-Author: Raj Singh, MD – The Ohio State University Wexner Medical Center

Co-Author: Evan Thomas, MD, PhD – The Ohio State University Wexner Medical Center

Co-Author: Seth Wilson, BS – The Ohio State University College of Medicine

Co-Author: David Xu, MD – Ohio State University Wexner Medical Center, Department of Neurosurgery

Speaker: Christoph P. Hofstetter, MD, PhD – University of Washington

Presenting Author: Ebtesam Abdulla, MD, MRCSI (she/her/hers) – University of Arizona

Co-Author: Ali Baaj, MD – Banner University Medical Center- Phoenix

Co-Author: Isabel L. Bauer, BS (she/her/hers) – University of Arizona College of Medicine, Neurosurgery Department, Phoenix AZ

Co-Author: Amna S. Hussein, MD (she/her/hers) – Banner University Medical Center - Phoenix

Co-Author: Monis Khan, MD – University of Arizona

Co-Author: Alexandros Moniakis, MD (he/him/his) – University of Arizona

Co-Author: Kristin Nosova, MD – Banner University Medical Center - Phoenix

Co-Author: Annie Pico, BA (she/her/hers) – University of Arizona College of Medicine, Neurosurgery Department, Phoenix AZ

Co-Author: Michael Prim, MD (he/him/his) – Banner University Medical Center

Co-Author: Esteban Quiceno Restrepo, MD – University at Buffalo Neurosurgery

Speaker: Michael Y. Wang, MD – University of Miami

Speaker: Eric Potts, MD – Goodman Campbell Brain and Spine

Presenting Author: Michael Shost – Case Western Reserve University

Co-Author: Jeffrey Coombs, MD – University of Rochester

Co-Author: Christian Hecht, BS – Case Western Reserve University School of Medicine

Co-Author: Nicholas M. Rabah, MD – Barrow Neurological Institute

Co-Author: Michael P. Steinmetz, MD – Cleveland Clinic Lerner College of Medicine

Presenting Author: Nischal Acharya, BSc (he/him/his) – University of California, Irvine - Department of Neurological Surgery

Co-Author: Jessica K. Campos, MD – University of California - Department of Neurological Surgery

Co-Author: Pirooz Fereydouni, BSc – UC Irvine School of Medicine

Co-Author: Michael Oh, MD – University of California, Irvine

Co-Author: Bryce Picton, B.S. – UC Irvine School of Medicine

Presenting Author: Syed I. Khalid, MD – University of Illinois at Chicago

Co-Author: Owoicho Adogwa, MD, MPH – Department of Neurosurgery, University of Cincinnati School of Medicine

Co-Author: Elie Massaad, MD MSc – Massachusetts General Hospital

Co-Author: Pranav Mirpuri, BS (he/him/his) – Chicago Medical School

Co-Author: John H. Shin, MD – Massachusetts General Hospital, Harvard Medical School

Presenting Author: Mladen Djurasovic, MD – Norton Leatherman Spine Center

Co-Author: Leah Carreon, MD, MSc – Norton Leatherman Spine Center

Co-Author: Anthony L. Asher, MD (he/him/his) – Neuroscience Institute, Carolina Neurosurgery & Spine Associates

Co-Author: Erica F. Bisson, MD, MPH – University of Utah

Co-Author: Mohamad Bydon, MD – Department of Neurologic Surgery, Mayo Clinic, Rochester, MN 55902, USA

Co-Author: Andrew K. Chan, MD – Columbia University Irving Medical Center

Co-Author: Dean Chou, MD – Columbia University

Co-Author: Domagoj Coric, MD – Carolina Neurosurgery & Spine Associates

Co-Author: Kevin T. Foley, MD – Semmes-Murphey Neurologic and Spine Institute, University of Tennessee

Co-Author: Kai-Ming Fu, MD, PhD – Weill Cornell Medical Center

Co-Author: Steven D. Glassman, MD (he/him/his) – Norton Leatherman Spine Center

Co-Author: Regis William Haid, Jr., MD – Atlanta Brain and Spine

Co-Author: John Knightly, MD, FAANS (he/him/his) – AANS

Co-Author: Vivian P. Le, MPH – University of California, San Francisco

Co-Author: Praveen V. Mummaneni, MD, MBA – Department of Neurological Surgery, University of California, San Francisco

Co-Author: Paul Park, MD – Semmes Murphey Clinic

Co-Author: Eric Potts, MD – Goodman Campbell Brain and Spine

Co-Author: Christopher I. Shaffrey, MD – Duke University Medical Center

Co-Author: Mark Shaffrey, MD – University of Virginia

Co-Author: Jonathan R. Slotkin, MD – Geisinger Health

Co-Author: Michael S. Virk, MD, PhD – Weill Cornell Medical Center

Co-Author: Michael Y. Wang, MD – University of Miami

Presenting Author: Nora Kim, MD – NYU

Co-Author: Mason M. Blacker, n/a – NYU Langone School of Medicine

Co-Author: Austin Feng, MD – NYU Langone

Co-Author: Darryl Lau, MD – NYU Langone

Co-Author: Christopher Livia, MD/PhD – NYU Langone

Co-Author: Karl Sangwon, n/a – NYU Langone Health

Presenting Author: Omar Zakieh, MD – Vanderbilt University Medical Center

Co-Author: Amir Abtahi, MD – Department of Orthopedic Surgery, Vanderbilt University Medi

Co-Author: Mitchell Bowers, MD – Vanderbilt University Medical Center Department of Orthopedic Surgery

Co-Author: Hani Chanbour, MD – Department of Neurological Surgery, Vanderbilt University Medical Center, Nashville, TN

Co-Author: Andrew J. croft, MD – Vanderbilt University Medical Center

Co-Author: Claudia Davidson, MS – Vanderbilt University Medical Center

Co-Author: Raymond Gardocki, MD – Department of Orthopedic Surgery, Vanderbilt University Medi

Co-Author: brian Hou, BS – Vanderbilt University School of Medicine

Co-Author: Julian lugo-pico, MD – Vanderbilt University Medical Center

Co-Author: Hui Nian, PhD – Vanderbilt University Medical Center

Co-Author: jacquelyn Pennings, PhD – Vanderbilt University Medical Center

Co-Author: Byron Stephens, MD – Vanderbilt University School of Medicine

Co-Author: Mason Young, MD – Vanderbilt University Medical Center Department of Orthopedic Surgery

Co-Author: Scott L. Zuckerman, MD, MPH (he/him/his) – Vanderbilt University Medical Center

Presenting Author: Hani Chanbour, MD – Department of Neurological Surgery, Vanderbilt University Medical Center, Nashville, TN

Co-Author: Amir Abtahi, MD – Department of Orthopedic Surgery, Vanderbilt University Medi

Co-Author: Mahmoud Ahmed, PhD – Vanderbilt University Medical Center

Co-Author: Gabriel Bendfeldt, BS – Vanderbilt University School of Medicine

Co-Author: Jeffrey W. Chen, PGY1 – Baylor college of medicine

Co-Author: Silky Chotai, MD – Vanderbilt University Medical Center

Co-Author: Surya Gangavarapu, MD – Vanderbilt University School of Medicine

Co-Author: Matthew Goodwin, MD (he/him/his) – Washington University

Co-Author: Jacob Greenberg, MD, MSCI – Washington University in St. Louis School of Medicine

Co-Author: Joshua Koleske, BS – Washington University

Co-Author: Leo Luo, MD – Department of Orthopedic Surgery, Vanderbilt University Medi

Co-Author: Camilo A. Molina, MD (he/him/his) – Washington University

Co-Author: Brian Neuman, MD – Washington University

Co-Author: Miguel Ruiz Cardozo, MD, MPH – Washington University

Co-Author: Byron Stephens, MD – Vanderbilt University School of Medicine

Co-Author: Scott L. Zuckerman, MD, MPH (he/him/his) – Vanderbilt University Medical Center

Presenting Author: Jamshaid M. Mir, MD – NYU Langone Health

Co-Author: Christopher P. Ames, MD – University of California, San Francisco

Co-Author: Shay Bess, MD – Denver International Spine Center

Co-Author: Thomas Buell, MD (he/him/his) – University of Pittsburgh Medical Center

Co-Author: Alan H. Daniels, MD – Alpert Medical School of Brown University

Co-Author: Pooja Dave, n/a – NYU Langone Health

Co-Author: Bassel Diebo, MD – Brown University

Co-Author: Robert K. Eastlack, MD – Scripps Clinic

Co-Author: Jeffrey L. Gum, MD – Leatherman Spine Center

Co-Author: D. Kojo Hamilton, MD – University of Pittsburgh School of Medicine

Co-Author: Khaled M. Kebaish, MD – Johns Hopkins University School of Medicine

Co-Author: Renaud Lafage, MS – Department of Orthopaedics, Lenox Hill Hospital, Northwell Health, New York, NY

Co-Author: Stephen Lewis, MD – Toronto Western Hospital Department of Orthopedic Surgery

Co-Author: Breton G. Line, BS – Denver International Spine Center

Co-Author: Peter G. Passias, MD – NYU Langone Health

Co-Author: Justin Scheer, MD – UCSF

Co-Author: Christopher I. Shaffrey, MD – Duke University Medical Center

Co-Author: Justin S. Smith, MD, PhD – Department of Neurosurgery, University of Virginia

Co-Author: Alex Soroceanu, MD, FRCS(C), MPH – University of Calgary

Co-Author: Peter S. Tretiakov, n/a – NYU Langone Health

Presenting Author: Mark Zaki, MD, MBA – University of Michigan

Co-Author: Edward S. Harake, BS, MM – University of Michigan

Co-Author: Rushikesh S. Joshi, MD – University of Michigan

Co-Author: Osama Kashlan, MD, FAANS – University of Michigan

Co-Author: Varun Kathawate, BS – University of Michigan

Co-Author: Joseph Linzey, MD, MSc – University of Michigan

Co-Author: Yamaan Saadeh, M.D. – Department of Neurosurgery, University of Michigan

Co-Author: Michael Strong, MD, PhD, MSc – University of Michigan

Presenting Author: Pawel P. Jankowski, MD – Hoag Neurosciences Institute

Co-Author: Peter G. Passias, MD – NYU Langone Health

Co-Author: Nima Alan, MD – University of San Fransisco

Co-Author: Ankita Das, n/a – NYU Langone Health

Co-Author: Pooja Dave, n/a – NYU Langone Health

Co-Author: Matthew Galetta, MD – NYU Langone Health

Co-Author: Burhan Janjua, MD – Mercy Health

Co-Author: Nathan Kim, MD – NYU Langone Health

Co-Author: Renaud Lafage, MS – Department of Orthopaedics, Lenox Hill Hospital, Northwell Health, New York, NY

Co-Author: Virginie Lafage, MD – Lenox Hill Hospital

Co-Author: Jordan Lebovic, MD – NYU Langone Hospital

Co-Author: Nathan Lorentz, MD – NYU Langone Health

Co-Author: Jamshaid M. Mir, MD – NYU Langone Health

Co-Author: Oluwatobi O. O. Onafowokan, BMBS, MSc – NYU Langone Health

Co-Author: Stephane Owusu-Sarpong, MD – NYU Langone Health

Co-Author: Andrew Schoenfeld, MD MSc – Brigham and Women's Hospital

Co-Author: Justin S. Smith, MD, PhD – Department of Neurosurgery, University of Virginia

Co-Author: Peter S. Tretiakov, n/a – NYU Langone Health

Co-Author: Tyler K. Williamson, DO (he/him/his) – UT Health San Antonio

Presenting Author: Edvin Telemi, MD – Henry Ford Health System, Department of Neurological Surgery

Presenting Author: Anneliese Rademacher – Wayne State University School of Medicine

Co-Author: Muwaffak Abdulhak, MD – Henry Ford Hospital

Co-Author: Anisse N. Chaker, MD – Henry Ford Health System, Department of Neurological Surgery

Co-Author: Victor Chang, MD (he/him/his) – Henry Ford Hospital

Co-Author: Mokbel Chedid, MD – Henry Ford Hospital

Co-Author: Matthew Easton, MD – Henry Ford Hospital

Co-Author: Travis Hamilton, MD – Henry Ford Hospital

Co-Author: Jianhui Hu, PhD – Henry Ford Hospital

Co-Author: Yousif Jafar, BS – Henry Ford Hospital

Co-Author: Jared Reese, MD – Henry Ford Hospital

Co-Author: Jason M. Schwalb, MD (he/him/his) – Henry Ford Hospital

Co-Author: Kevin Taliaferro, MD – Henry Ford Hospital

Presenting Author: Michael Cloney, MD, MPH – University of Pittsburgh Medical Center, Department of Neurological Surgery

Co-Author: Samuel Adida, MS – University of Pittsburgh Department of Neurosurgery

Co-Author: Nitin Agarwal, MD (he/him/his) – University of Pittsburgh Department of Neurosurgery

Co-Author: Thomas Buell, MD (he/him/his) – University of Pittsburgh Medical Center

Co-Author: D. Kojo Hamilton, MD – University of Pittsburgh School of Medicine

Co-Author: Mohamed-Ali H. Jawad-Makki, BS – University of Pittsburgh

Co-Author: Tara Jayde Nail, MD – University of Pittsburgh Medical Center

Co-Author: David O. Okonkwo, MD, PhD – Department of Neurological Surgery, University of Pittsburgh Medical Center

Co-Author: David A. Paul, MD – University of Pittsburgh Medical Center

Co-Author: Hanish Polavarh, MS – State University of New York: Upstate

Co-Author: Olivia Raymond, MS – University of Pittsburgh Medical Center

Presenting Author: Adham M. Khalafallah, MD – Department of Neurosurgery, University of Miami

Co-Author: Allan D. Levi, MD PhD (he/him/his) – University of Miami

Co-Author: Nadine Rady, MD – Department of Radiology, Mount Sinai Medical Center

Co-Author: Efrat Saraf-Lavi, MD – Department of Radiology, University of Miami

Co-Author: Robert Starke, MD – University of Miami

Co-Author: Joseph Yunga Tigre, BA – University of Miami Miller School of Medicine

Presenting Author: Samuel Adida, MS – University of Pittsburgh Department of Neurosurgery

Co-Author: Peter Gerszten, M.D. – University of Pittsburgh Medical Center

Co-Author: Roberta K. Sefcik, MD, M.S.C.R. (she/her/hers) – University of Pittsburgh Medical Center, Department of Neurological Surgery

Co-Author: Anthony Tang, BS – University of Pittsburgh School of Medicine

Co-Author: Suchet Taori, BA – University of Pittsburgh School of Medicine

Co-Author: Victoria Wong, BA – University of Pittsburgh School of Medicine

Co-Author: Xiaoran Zhang, MD – University of Pittsburgh Department of Neurological Surgery

Presenting Author: Oluwatobi O. O. Onafowokan, BMBS, MSc – NYU Langone Health

Co-Author: Peter G. Passias, MD – NYU Langone Health

Co-Author: Nima Alan, MD – University of San Fransisco

Co-Author: Ankita Das, n/a – NYU Langone Health

Co-Author: Pooja Dave, n/a – NYU Langone Health

Co-Author: Matthew Galetta, MD – NYU Langone Health

Co-Author: Burhan Janjua, MD – Mercy Health

Co-Author: Pawel P. Jankowski, MD – Hoag Neurosciences Institute

Co-Author: Nathan Kim, MD – NYU Langone Health

Co-Author: Renaud Lafage, MS – Department of Orthopaedics, Lenox Hill Hospital, Northwell Health, New York, NY

Co-Author: Virginie Lafage, MD – Lenox Hill Hospital

Co-Author: Oluwatomi Lanre-Amos, MD – NYU Langone Hospital

Co-Author: Nathan Lorentz, MD – NYU Langone Health

Co-Author: Jamshaid M. Mir, MD – NYU Langone Health

Co-Author: Stephane Owusu-Sarpong, MD – NYU Langone Health

Co-Author: Andrew Schoenfeld, MD MSc – Brigham and Women's Hospital

Co-Author: Justin S. Smith, MD, PhD – Department of Neurosurgery, University of Virginia

Co-Author: Peter S. Tretiakov, n/a – NYU Langone Health

Co-Author: Tyler K. Williamson, DO (he/him/his) – UT Health San Antonio

Presenting Author: Benjamin Hopkins, MD, MBA – Keck School of Medicine of USC

Co-Author: Jonathan Dallas, MD – Department of Neurosurgery, Keck School of Medicine of USC

Co-Author: Jon Liu, MD – USC Neurosurgery

Co-Author: William J. Mack, MD – Department of Neurological Surgery, Keck School of Medicine, University of Southern California

Co-Author: James Yu, MD – USC Neurosurgery

Co-Author: Gabriel Zada, MD – Department of Neurological Surgery, Keck School of Medicine of USC, Los Angeles, California, United States

Speaker: Domagoj Coric, MD – Carolina Neurosurgery & Spine Associates

Speaker: Sanjay Konakondla, MD – Geisinger Neuroscience Institute

Presenting Author: Landon S. Ashby, n/a – Department of Neurosurgery, The University of Texas at Austin Dell Medical School

Co-Author: Matthew Geck, MD – Ascension Texas Spine and Scoliosis

Co-Author: Nicolas K. Goff – Department of Neurosurgery, The University of Texas at Austin Dell Medical School

Co-Author: Justin Jensen, n/a – Division of Orthopedic Surgery, The University of Texas at Austin Dell Medical School

Co-Author: Devender Singh, PhD – Ascension Texas Spine and Scoliosis

Co-Author: John Stokes, MD – Ascension Texas Spine and Scoliosis

Co-Author: Eeric Truumees, MD – Ascension Texas Spine and Scoliosis

Co-Author: Imelda Vetter – Dell Medical School at the University of Texas at Austin

Speaker: Zoher Ghogawala, MD (he/him/his) – Lahey Hospital and Medical Center

Moderator: Erica F. Bisson, MD, MPH – University of Utah

Guest Speaker: Ben Newman (he/him/his) – The Ben Newman Companies

Speaker: Adam S. Kanter, MD – Hoag Specialty Clinic

Speaker: Andrew Dailey, MD – University of Utah Health

Guest Speaker: Ben Newman (he/him/his) – The Ben Newman Companies

Moderator: Erica F. Bisson, MD, MPH – University of Utah

Speaker: Domagoj Coric, MD – Carolina Neurosurgery & Spine Associates

Moderator: Daniel Hoh, MD – University of Florida

Speaker: Praveen V. Mummaneni, MD, MBA – Department of Neurological Surgery, University of California, San Francisco

Speaker: Andrew Pugely, MD – University of Iowa Hospitals & Clinics

Moderator: John Chi, MD, MPH – Brigham and Women's Hospital

Moderator: John Chi, MD, MPH – Brigham and Women's Hospital

Speaker: Michael Y. Wang, MD – University of Miami

Speaker: Dean Chou, MD – Columbia University

Speaker: Daniel Hoh, MD – University of Florida

Speaker: Burak M. Ozgur, MD – Hoag Spine Center, Hoag Hospital

Speaker: Gerald E. Rodts, Jr., MD – Emory University, Dept. of Neurosurgery

Moderator: Luis M. Tumialán, MD – Barrow Brain and Spine

Speaker: Nicholas Theodore, MD, MS (he/him/his) – Johns Hopkins University School of Medicine

Moderator: Luis M. Tumialán, MD – Barrow Brain and Spine

Speaker: Neel Anand, MD (he/him/his) – Cedars Sinai Medical Center

Moderator: Jay D. Turner, MD, PhD – Barrow Neurological Institute

Moderator: Jay D. Turner, MD, PhD – Barrow Neurological Institute

Moderator: Anand Veeravagu, MD (he/him/his) – Stanford University School of Medicine

Moderator: Anand Veeravagu, MD (he/him/his) – Stanford University School of Medicine

Speaker: R. John Hurlbert, MD – University of Arizona

Speaker: James S. Harrop, MD – Jefferson Medical College

Speaker: Domagoj Coric, MD – Carolina Neurosurgery & Spine Associates

Presenting Author: Arpan A. Patel, MD – Cleveland Clinic Center for Spine Health

Co-Author: Ghaith Habboub, MD – Cleveland Clinic Center for Spine Health

Co-Author: Brittany Lapin, PhD – Cleveland Clinic Lerner Research Institute

Co-Author: Seth M. Meade, BSE (he/him/his) – Cleveland Clinic Lerner College of Medicine

Co-Author: Thomas Mroz, MD – Cleveland Clinic Center for Spine Health

Co-Author: Michael Shost – Case Western Reserve University

Co-Author: Michael P. Steinmetz, MD – Cleveland Clinic Lerner College of Medicine

Presenting Author: Hamzah M. Magableh, NA – Department of Neurologic Surgery, Mayo Clinic, Rochester, MN 55902, USA

Co-Author: Mohamad Bydon, MD – Department of Neurologic Surgery, Mayo Clinic, Rochester, MN 55902, USA

Co-Author: Brett Freedman, MD – Mayo Clinic, Department of Orthopaedic Surgery

Co-Author: Sufyan Ibrahim, MBBS – Department of Neurologic Surgery, Mayo Clinic, Rochester, MN 55902, USA

Co-Author: Sarah E. Johnson, MBBS – Department of Neurologic Surgery, Mayo Clinic, Rochester, MN 55902, USA

Co-Author: Konstantinos Katsos, MBBS – Department of Neurologic Surgery, Mayo Clinic, Rochester, MN 55902, USA

Co-Author: Karim R. Nathani, MBBS – Department of Neurological Surgery, Mayo Clinic

Co-Author: Zachary Pennington, MD – Mayo Clinic Department of Neurologic Surgery

Presenting Author: Saad Javeed, MD, MSCI – Washington University in St. Louis

Presenting Author: Benjamin Plog, MD, PhD – Washington University in St. Louis School of Medicine

Co-Author: Allan Belzberg, MD, FRCSC, FAANS – Johns Hopkins University School of Medicine

Co-Author: Braeden C. Benedict, MS (he/him/his) – Washington University in St. Louis School of Medicine

Co-Author: Kathleen Botterbush – St.Louis University

Co-Author: Stephen Burks, MD (he/him/his) – University of Miami Department of Neurological Surgery

Co-Author: Amir H. Faraji, MD, PhD – Houston Methodist Hospital

Co-Author: Jacob Greenberg, MD, MSCI – Washington University in St. Louis School of Medicine

Co-Author: Neringa Juknis, MD – Washington University in St. Louis School of Medicine

Co-Author: Muhammad Irfan Kaleem, MBBS – Washington University in St. Louis School of Medicine

Co-Author: Allan D. Levi, MD PhD (he/him/his) – University of Miami

Co-Author: Mark A. Mahan, MD – University of Utah

Co-Author: Rajiv Midha, MD – University of Calgary Cumming School of Medicine

Co-Author: Wilson Z. Ray, MD (he/him/his) – Washington University in St. Louis School of Medicine

Co-Author: Sami Tuffaha, MD – Johns Hopkins University School of Medicine

Co-Author: Thomas J. Wilson, MD, MPH (he/him/his) – Stanford University

Co-Author: Salim Yakdan, MD, MSCI (he/him/his) – Washington University in St. Louis School of Medicine

Co-Author: Eric L. Zager, MD – University of Pennsylvania Perelman School of Medicine

Co-Author: Justin K. Zhang, MD, MSCI (he/him/his) – University of Utah

Speaker: Michael Groff, MD – Brigham and Woman's Hospital

Speaker: Christopher I. Shaffrey, MD – Duke University Medical Center

Speaker: Han Jo Kim, MD (he/him/his) – Hospital for Special Surgery

Presenting Author: Rohin Singh, MD – University of Rochester Medical Center

Co-Author: Matthew Cotroneo, BS – University of Rochester School of Medicine and Dentistry

Co-Author: Muhammad I. Jalal, BA – University of Rochester School of Medicine and Dentistry

Co-Author: David A. Paul, MD – University of Pittsburgh Medical Center

Co-Author: George Vates, MD, PhD (he/him/his) – University of Rochester Medical Center

Presenting Author: Harrison A. Hockenberry, BS – Department of Neurosurgery, Duke University School of Medicine, Durham, NC

Co-Author: Alissa Arango, BS MS – Department of Neurosurgery, Duke University School of Medicine, Durham, NC

Co-Author: Brandon L. Bishop, MS, MBA (he/him/his) – Duke University Department of Neurosurgery

Co-Author: Antoinette J. Charles, BS (she/her/hers) – Department of Neurosurgery, Duke University School of Medicine, Durham, NC

Co-Author: Tara Elizabeth Dalton, MD (she/her/hers) – Duke University Department of Neurosurgery

Co-Author: Melissa M. Erickson, MD MBA – Department of Orthopaedic Surgery, Duke University School of Medicine, Durham, NC

Co-Author: Courtney Goodwin, MD PhD (he/him/his) – Department of Neurosurgery, Duke University

Co-Author: Eli Johnson, MD – Duke University Hospital

Co-Author: Emily Luo, BS – Department of Neurosurgery, Duke University School of Medicine, Durham, NC

Co-Author: Annee D. Nguyen, MS (she/they pronouns) – Department of Neurosurgery, Duke University School of Medicine, Durham, NC

Co-Author: Edwin Owolo, BA (he/him/his) – Duke University Department of Neurosurgery

Co-Author: Dana G. Rowe, BA (she/her/hers) – Duke University School of Medicine, Durham, NC

Co-Author: Jacob Sperber, BA – Duke University Medical Center

Co-Author: Seeley Yoo, BA – Department of Neurosurgery, Duke University School of Medicine, Durham, NC

Co-Author: Tanner J. Zachem, BSE – Duke University Medical Center

Presenting Author: Alex Sielatycki, MD – Steamboat Orthopaedics and Spine Institute

Co-Author: Jeffrey Goldstein, MD – NYU

Co-Author: Scott Hodges, MD – 3Spine

Co-Author: Marissa Koscielski, MS – 3Spine

Co-Author: Brady Riesgraf, MS – 3Spine

Co-Author: Ahilan Sivaganesan, MD – Thomas Jefferson University

Presenting Author: Matthew Galetta, MD – NYU Langone Health

Co-Author: Peter G. Passias, MD – NYU Langone Health

Co-Author: Christopher P. Ames, MD – University of California, San Francisco

Co-Author: Douglas C. Burton, MD – University of Kansas Medical Center

Co-Author: Alan H. Daniels, MD – Alpert Medical School of Brown University

Co-Author: Ankita Das, n/a – NYU Langone Health

Co-Author: Bassel Diebo, MD – Brown University

Co-Author: Jeffrey L. Gum, MD – Leatherman Spine Center

Co-Author: D. Kojo Hamilton, MD – University of Pittsburgh School of Medicine

Co-Author: Richard Hostin, MD – Southwest Scoliosis Institute

Co-Author: Han Jo Kim, MD (he/him/his) – Hospital for Special Surgery

Co-Author: Renaud Lafage, MS – Department of Orthopaedics, Lenox Hill Hospital, Northwell Health, New York, NY

Co-Author: Virginie Lafage, MD – Lenox Hill Hospital

Co-Author: Jamshaid M. Mir, MD – NYU Langone Health

Co-Author: Oluwatobi O. O. Onafowokan, BMBS, MSc – NYU Langone Health

Co-Author: Themistocles S. Protopsaltis, MD – Dept. of Orthopedic Surgery, NYU Langone Health

Co-Author: Frank J. Schwab, MD – Lenox Hill Hospital Department of Orthopaedic Surgery

Co-Author: Christopher I. Shaffrey, MD – Duke University Medical Center

Co-Author: Justin S. Smith, MD, PhD – Department of Neurosurgery, University of Virginia

Co-Author: Alex Soroceanu, MD, FRCS(C), MPH – University of Calgary

Speaker: Jakub Godzik, MD, MS (he/him/his) – University of Alabama at Birmingham